What effect do mediators of inflammation have on blood vessels?

Mediators of inflammation, such as histamines, prostaglandins, and cytokines, play a crucial role in the inflammatory response by acting on blood vessels. They produce vasodilation, which is the widening of blood vessels, leading to increased blood flow to the affected area. This increased blood flow is responsible for the redness and warmth commonly observed during inflammation.

Additionally, these mediators increase the permeability of blood vessels. This heightened permeability allows proteins and fluid to leak into the surrounding tissues, contributing to swelling or edema. This influx of fluids and immune cells to the site of inflammation is important for the body's defense mechanisms as it helps to isolate and eliminate the offending agents, such as pathogens or injury.

By producing both vasodilation and increased permeability, mediators of inflammation facilitate the delivery of immune cells and nutrients necessary for repair and healing, highlighting their essential role in the inflammatory process.